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Change your basement into a first-class Home Theater.
Page 2 - The Gear - Projector
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Before I start the actual building, the best is to know what gear I want to use and then eventually adjust the design of the room to accommodate this.

The Front Projector.
This is the single most expensive piece of gear for the home theater. For me there was no question: I want to use only a front projector (like in cinema) First of all, the overall result from a front projector (LCD or DLP) is much, much better than any rear projection TV's. Yes, it is looks expensive but it is definitely worth the money (and in fact it is cheaper inch-wise). If there is a stereo store near you which shows some home theater quality projectors in action (and I mean in a real home theater room with dimmed lights) then go and see it and you will be surprised how cinema-like it may look. You will never look at the heavy overpriced rear projection TV's again. With front projector you can have easily 100 inch screen and that looks magnificent.

So the real question is what type of front Projector I need.

LCD
In the past LCD projectors were more common for business presentation rather than home theaters. They have quite strong light output which can be used even in just lightly dimmed room. However a downside of LCD is/was poor black contrast. Simple said, the black looks grayish. This is often compensated in home theaters by using a gray screen with negative gain. This dims the brightness and at the same time makes black more dark. Other downside factor is that the LCD projectors have a bit larger space between pixels which may show as a fine black grid over the screen (screendoor effect). This of course depends on how far you are sitting from the screen - but it is there.
Note that too much of brightness can be also a downside in a dark rooms for movie watching and it also goes with bigger (and louder) cooling fan.

There are some quality and non expensive LCD projectors build for home theaters (with improved contrast and screendoor effects) for example Panasonic AE100 or PT-L300U

DLP
DLP projectors were especially build for a home theaters and digital cinemas. The commercial ones use just one chip with a tiny mirrors which reflects the light and a color wheel which quickly changes the color. DLP projectors have much better black contrast than LCD projectors, but the price is lower light output (brightness). Since the mirror-like pixels are much closer together the image has less visible grid than with LCD and generally the whole image is much more cinema-like.
The simpler mechanic makes also the projectors smaller, cheaper and quieter.

The first DLP generation used slower rotation of color wheel which could create some color ringing or rainbow effect in fast scenes. (Have you ever look into a color scanner during scanning? The white light can sometimes produce this rainbow effect) You can read a lot about this on various web boards (mostly from LCD evangelists). However this has been fixed in next generation commercial DLP which used 2x faster rotation of the wheel. These days many new projectors use 4x or faster rotation of the color wheel which makes this problem non-existent.

A great non-expensive DLP projectors are made by Plus: Piano and also their new HE-3200 Avanti. If you have limited budget then a sub $1000 DLP projector InFocus X1 is a great performer.

Important factors:

16:9 resolution
One of the most important feature for watching movies is the native 16:9 resolution of the projector. That means the projector has the LCD or DLP chip made with 16:9 ratio, not 4:3 as for presentations. On a presentation monitor a 16:9 movie will be fit into the 4:3 as in letterbox and you will have a black bars on top and bottom. This would be fine if they are really black, but with LCD projectors they are in fact gray and it is quite disturbing (1) You can get rid of it by masking a part of the screen with black curtain or board but this may not fit well into your room design.
The true 16:9 projectors simply have no bars, the 16:9 is a native resolution and if you ever watch 4:3 movie it will be displayed as a rectangle in the middle with bars on left and right. (2) So all you need is a 16:9 screen because it never display anything outside 16:9 area.
Some DLP projectors (Piano) have something called dual resolution (3). It is a rectangle created combination of booth 4:3 and 16:9. It is wide to fit 16:9 but also tall to fit 4:3 With DLP this can be done simply because the thinner bars on top and bottom during 16:9 films and the left and right bar during 4:3 are almost non visible because of the greater black contrast. For users with 16:9 screens the dual chip can be also switched to display the 4:3 image smaller, similar to (2)

Connectivity

All projectors should have component video input. These are 3 RCA connectors usually colored as Red Green and Blue. This is what you will use for the best video quality from DVD. Don't touch any projector without it.
There are probably also S-Video and composite Video inputs. These may come handy if you want to plug a VCR, but the quality really goes down.
Some have also a digital input DVI-D which can be then used with a PC with digital monitor output for a superior quality from PC.

Resolution: For a DVD quality you need 720/480. Some projectors accept only 720/480i (interlaced, it can be used with any DVD player) and some also 720/480p (progressive, it can be used with Progressive DVD player).

If you are planning to use the projector for High Definition TV programs then you would want to go for projector capable to work with this type of signal. But don't get confused reading specs: unless the LCD/DLP chip has a true High definition resolution (only more expensive have) this will not bring you better quality, it is just more convenient

Since the projectors unlike TV is a native progressive device, any input interlaced signal has to be converted to progressive inside the projector. A salesman would tell you that it is better to use progressive DVD player and progressive input in projector, but in real life this may not be true.

Here is a secret the salesman doesn't even know:

Because films on DVD are stored in 24 progressive frames per second an then to keep it with the 30 fps of NTSC the normal DVD player has to apply so called 3:2 pulldown. This splits every 24fps frame into two interlaced fields (48 half frames per sec) and then add additional field for every other frame. (which adds 12 half-frames per second which gives the needed 60 half-frames or 30 full frames per second) So the result is: two fileds of one film-frame then three fields of second film-frame, then again two fields of third film-frame etc...
Obviously because of the new 3-2-3-2-3 fields the TV display some frames where even lines are from film-frame A but odd lines already from film-frame B as in the image on left marked by (2). On fast scenes or cuts (1) this may create jagginess.
That's still considered a normal knowledge even between salesmans.

Now yo would say, since a DVD film is already progressive, the progressive DVD player can just read these frames as they are without interlacing and then convert them to 29.97 fps. But, here is the secret: The progressive players don't do this. They do all the stuff with interlacing as the normal players above. What you pay your big bucks is the video processor which takes these now interlaced frames and create progressive output by again deinterlacing them. Funny, isn't it?

But with the deinterlacing you are not simply merging every two half-frames (img 2) as on TV (this will create the same jaginnes on certain frames) but you use various interpolating and scene detection techniques to determine which half frames to merge, which ignore and which to duplicate. Now obviously not every deinterlacers are build with the same logic and processing, there are bad ones, average and a good ones.

And this is the whole story. Since the home theater projectors doesn't display the picture in interlaced way, they have build-in deinterlacers. Because the bad interpolating and jaginnes would be quite visible on big screen, often they have very good deinterlacers. For example Plus Piano uses Silicon Image, which is the butter in this class.

The bottom line: The progressive DVD players do the "progressive" trick by deinterlacing the signal not by directly using progressive data from DVD. However unless you have first class (read expensive) progressive DVD player the deinterlacer in a good home theater projector (Piano) may does a better job as many of normal progressive players. Even the argument that the deinterlacing in projector is from analog signal while deinterlacing in DVD is from digital doesn't seems to affect this reality.

Other less obvious things to look for

- Noise from fan. Some can be really quiet (PLUS Piano) and some can be disturbingly noisy
- Keystone correction - optical or digital. All projectors should have at least digital vertical keystone correction. Since you can't always put the projector to the exact height from where the image is projected straight, keystone setting will correct this. Optical is the best for quality. The digital keystone correction will disort the image so it appear straight - but this has various unpleasant effects on the image. It is recommended to build your theater such way so the projector can be used without keystone either from table or upside down from ceiling.
- Ability to work upside down from the ceiling. Many good projectors have anamorphic optics, so the image is straight not when the projector is positioned in middle of screen (like slide projectors or an old film projectors) but when the projector is close to bottom part of screen. This allows to have the projector on a table (1) or work upside down from ceiling (2) (you can change the image rotation in setup). The upside down from ceiling is obviously the best position for permanent setup. Before you buy projector you have to ask if it can work upside down and if there is available ceiling mount.
Some people put the projector close to the ceiling but straight (3). Then they need to tilt it and also adjust the keystone correction almost to the max. This is obviously the worst position quality-wise, unless the projector has a rare optical keystone correction.
- Optical Zoom is a plus but may be not so important if you are going to permanently mount the projector. Simply choose the place for mount so the image fills the screen and you never need to touch it again. But of course zoom makes setting easier.
- Life of the Lamp. The lamps in the projectors has to be changed after a number of hours of usage. This is usually from 1000 - 3000 hours. The lamps are expensive, so check the price. Average price for new lamp is about $300 but sometimes they can be even $1000 - so check this before you buy the projector. Here is one warning - don't fall for a large lamp life written in the specs. Some manufacturers put 5000-6000 hours but it is often measured when there is just 20% of the original bulb intensity left. Normally it should be measured when there is still 50% intensity which in most projectors will be about 2000 hours. That also means in about 1500 hours you would really wish to change the lamp. Or put it other way: If you watch daily 2 hours, after 2 years you would need to change the lamp.
LCD or DLP?

Everyone taste is different. Some people prefer a bright picture of LCD, some likes more cinema feel of DLP. If you go to various web boards you will see a totally different opinion. The best is if you can try few of them, either in a test room or better in your home.
Be prepared to test your own DVD because the stores obviously show just a big bright movie which will look good on anything. I tested my projectors on a particularly difficult movie "The Age of Innocence". There are many dark scenes in the film and after trying few projectors I personally must confess that DLP simply looks best to all my tastes. A very well balanced light and contrast even on a dark scenes of the film.
My advice is: if your primary goal is to watch movies in a dark room, then get DLP, if you are going to use the projector besides watching movies also for presentations or playing games consider LCD.

For my cinema I got Plus Piano and I am always surprised how good the picture is even on a difficult movies. And it is also very quiet projector.

TIP: Good thing to buy for your projector Here is one trick which will save you a lot of lamp life:
Buy an UPS (backup power supply) used for computers in any computer store. This may cost about $50-$100 but it is worth the price. A single power shortage while watching can destroy your lamp or at least shorten drastically its life. With UPS you can still switch the projector off correctly (letting the fan cool down the lamp)
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